【注意】最后更新于 July 25, 2018，文中内容可能已过时，请谨慎使用。
魔改编译安装 nginx。
要做啥
如图所示：
希望将 nginx 默认的 错误页面自定义加入一个 返回的超链接。
改源码
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下载源码，
http://nginx.org/en/download.html
选择 Stable version， nginx-1.14.0。
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修改源码：
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vim nginx-1.14.0/src/http/ngx_http_special_response.c
# 大约 109 行开始
static char ngx_http_error_401_page[] =
"<html>" CRLF
"<head><meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\"><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>" CRLF
"<body bgcolor=\"white\">" CRLF
"<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>" CRLF
"<center><h2><a href=\"/index.html\">返回首页</a></h2></center>" CRLF
;
static char ngx_http_error_402_page[] =
"<html>" CRLF
"<head><meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\"><title>402 Payment Required</title></head>" CRLF
"<body bgcolor=\"white\">" CRLF
"<center><h1>402 Payment Required</h1></center>" CRLF
"<center><h2><a href=\"/index.html\">返回首页</a></h2></center>" CRLF
;
static char ngx_http_error_403_page[] =
"<html>" CRLF
"<head><meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\"><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>" CRLF
"<body bgcolor=\"white\">" CRLF
"<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>" CRLF
"<center><h2><a href=\"/index.html\">返回首页</a></h2></center>" CRLF
.
.
.
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按自己需求修改，其中，包含中文不要指定 utf-8 编码。
编译
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cd nginx-1.14.0
./configure --with-select_module --with-poll_module \
--with-threads --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module \
--with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module \
--with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_auth_request_module \
--with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_degradation_module --with-http_slice_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module \
--with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module --with-google_perftools_module \
--with-cpp_test_module --with-pcre --with-libatomic \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock
make && sudo make install
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各个模块具体用处，请参看以下文章。
参考文档1，参考文档2。
添加 service
系统 mint, 对 ubuntu 应该都有效.
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vim /etc/init.d/nginx
# 写入脚本
#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
#
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Functions
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Consts
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/nginx
PS="nginx"
PIDNAME="nginx" #lets you do $PS-slave
PIDFILE=$PIDNAME.pid #pid file
PIDSPATH=/run #pid path
DESCRIPTION="Nginx Server..."
RUNAS=root #user to run as
SCRIPT_OK=0 #ala error codes
SCRIPT_ERROR=1 #ala error codes
TRUE=1 #boolean
FALSE=0 #boolean
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Simple Tests
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#test if nginx is a file and executable
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
# Include nginx defaults if available
if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ] ; then
. /etc/default/nginx
fi
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Functions
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
setFilePerms(){
if [ -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ]; then
chmod 400 $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
fi
}
configtest() {
$DAEMON -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
getPSCount() {
return `pgrep -f $PS | wc -l`
}
isRunning() {
if [ $1 ]; then
pidof_daemon $1
PID=$?
if [ $PID -gt 0 ]; then
return 1
else
return 0
fi
else
pidof_daemon
PID=$?
if [ $PID -gt 0 ]; then
return 1
else
return 0
fi
fi
}
#courtesy of php-fpm
wait_for_pid () {
try=0
while test $try -lt 35 ; do
case "$1" in
'created')
if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
'removed')
if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
esac
try=`expr $try + 1`
sleep 1
done
}
status(){
isRunning
isAlive=$?
if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
echo "$PIDNAME found running with processes: `pidof $PS`"
else
echo "$PIDNAME is NOT running."
fi
}
removePIDFile(){
if [ $1 ]; then
if [ -f $1 ]; then
rm -f $1
fi
else
#Do default removal
if [ -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ]; then
rm -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
fi
fi
}
start() {
log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESCRIPTION"
isRunning
isAlive=$?
if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
else
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --chuid $RUNAS --pidfile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON \
-- -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
setFilePerms
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
fi
}
stop() {
log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESCRIPTION"
isRunning
isAlive=$?
if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
else
removePIDFile
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
fi
else
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
fi
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
log_daemon_msg "Reloading (via HUP) $DESCRIPTION"
isRunning
if [ $? -eq $TRUE ]; then
`killall -HUP $PS` #to be safe
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
else
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
fi
}
terminate() {
log_daemon_msg "Force terminating (via KILL) $DESCRIPTION"
PIDS=`pidof $PS` || true
[ -e $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ] && PIDS2=`cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`
for i in $PIDS; do
if [ "$i" = "$PIDS2" ]; then
kill $i
wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
removePIDFile
fi
done
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
}
destroy() {
log_daemon_msg "Force terminating and may include self (via KILLALL) $DESCRIPTION"
killall $PS -q >> /dev/null 2>&1
log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
}
pidof_daemon() {
PIDS=`pidof $PS` || true
[ -e $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ] && PIDS2=`cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`
for i in $PIDS; do
if [ "$i" = "$PIDS2" ]; then
return 1
fi
done
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart|force-reload)
stop
sleep 3
start
;;
reload)
$1
;;
status)
status
;;
configtest)
$1
;;
terminate)
$1
;;
destroy)
$1
;;
*)
FULLPATH=/etc/init.d/$PS
echo "Usage: $FULLPATH {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status|configtest|terminate|destroy}"
echo " The 'destroy' command should only be used as a last resort."
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
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记得改权限.
上面的 nginx 路径需要改成自己编译时候写的,或者 which nginx.
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sudo update-rc.d nginx defaults
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable nginx
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参考文档.
